German federal election, March 1. German federal election, March 1. All 6. 47 seats in the Reichstag. Turnout. 88. 7. 4% First party.
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Second party. Third party Leader. Adolf Hitler. Otto Wels. Ernst Th. The 1. 93. Nazi seizure of power and the Reichstag fire, just six days before the election. Nazi storm troopers had unleashed a campaign of violence against the Communist Party (KPD), left- wingers. In the months before the 1. SS displayed . In Prussia 5.
SS, SA and Stahlhelm were ordered to monitor the votes by acting Interior Minister Hermann G. Despite waging a campaign of terror against their opponents, the Nazis only tallied 4. They needed the votes of their coalition partner, the German National People's Party (DNVP), for a bare working majority in the Reichstag. This would be the last contested election held in Germany before World War II. Two weeks after the election, Hitler was able to pass an Enabling Act on 2.
March with the support of all non- socialist parties, which effectively gave Hitler dictatorial powers. Within months, the Nazis banned all other parties, dissolved the Reichstag and replaced it with a rubberstamp legislature comprising only Nazis and pro- Nazi . The latter immediately urged the dissolution of the Reichstag and the calling of new elections.
In early February, the Nazis . Issues of Social Democratic newspapers were banned. Government officials known to be Centre Party supporters were dismissed from their offices, and stormtroopers violently attacked party meetings in Westphalia. This event reduced the popularity of the KPD, and enabled Hitler to persuade President Hindenburg to pass the Reichstag Fire Decree as an emergency decree according to Article 4. Weimar Constitution. This emergency law removed many civil liberties and allowed the arrest of Ernst Th. Not only did he fear a violent Communist uprising in the event of a ban, but he also believed the KPD's presence on the ballot could siphon off votes from the Social Democrats.
Instead, he opted to simply have Communist functionaries jailed by the thousands. The courts and prosecutors, who had already been hostile to the KPD long before 1. Reichstag fire was a Communist plot, KPD membership was an act of treason. As a result, for all intents and purposes the KPD was . Hence, the Reichstag fire is widely believed to have had a major effect on the outcome of the election.
As a replacement parliament building, and for 1. Kroll Opera House for its meetings. The resources of big business and the state were thrown behind the Nazis' campaign to achieve saturation coverage all over Germany. Brownshirts and SS patrolled and marched menacingly through the streets of cities and towns. In Prussia 5. 0,0. SS, SA and Stahlhelm were ordered to monitor the votes as so- called deputy sheriffs or auxiliary police (Hilfspolizei) in another decree by acting Interior Minister Hermann G. In spite of massive violence and intimidation.
The Communists (KPD) lost about a fourth of their votes, while the Social Democrats suffered only moderate losses. Although the KPD had not been formally banned, it was a foregone conclusion that the KPD deputies would never be allowed to take their seats. Within a few days, all of the KPD's representatives were either under arrest or were in hiding. Although the Nazi- DNVP coalition had enough seats to conduct the basic business of government, Hitler needed a two- thirds majority to pass the Enabling Act, a law which allowed the Cabinet. With certain exceptions, such laws could deviate from the Weimar Constitution. Leaving nothing to chance, the Nazis used the provisions of the Reichstag Fire Decree to arrest all 8. Communist deputies and keep several Social Democrats out of the chamber.
Hitler then obtained the necessary supermajority by persuading the Catholic Centre Party to vote with him with regard to the Reichskonkordat. The bill was passed on 2. March with 4. 44 votes for and 9. Only the Social Democrats led by Otto Wels opposed the measure, which came into effect on 2. March. As it turned out, the atmosphere of that session was so intimidating that the measure would have still passed even if all Communist and Social Democratic deputies had been present and voting.
The provisions of the bill turned the Hitler government into a de facto legal dictatorship. Within four months, the other parties had been shuttered either by outright banning or Nazi terror, and Germany was firmly a one- party state. Although three more elections were held during the Nazi era, voters were presented with a single list of Nazis and guest candidates, and voting was not secret. References. Retrieved January 1.